Propagating fronts on sandpile surfaces

Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France

Received: 7 December 1998
Accepted: 29 March 1999

Abstract

The flow of granular matter such as sand is often characterized by the motion of a thin superficial layer near the free surface, while the bulk of the solid remains immobile. A pair of equations called the BCRE equations (Bouchaud J-P., Cates M. E., Ravi Prakash J. and Edwards S. F. J. Phys. 4 (1994) 1383) have been proposed to model these flows and account for the dynamic exchange of mass between moving and stationary grains using the simplest kinematic considerations. We uncover a new conservation law for the BCRE equations and its variants that unifies a variety of recent special solutions and show that these equations support simple waves, and are capable of finite time singularities that correspond to propagating erosion fronts.