Profile and scaling of the fractal exponent of percolations in complex networks

¹ Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University - 6-3-09, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
² Faculty of Medicine, Toho University - 5-21-16, Omori- nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
³ Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University - Kita 10-jo Nisi 8-tyome, Sapporo, Japan

^(a) hasegawa@m.tohoku.ac.jp
^(b) nemoto@statphys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp

Received: 17 August 2013
Accepted: 14 October 2013

Abstract

We propose a novel finite-size scaling analysis for percolation transition observed in complex networks. While it is known that cooperative systems in growing networks often undergo an infinite-order transition with inverted Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless singularity, it is very hard for numerical simulations to determine the transition point precisely. Since the neighbor of the ordered phase is not a simple disordered phase but a critical phase, conventional finite-size scaling technique does not work. In our finite-size scaling, the forms of the scaling functions for the order parameter and the fractal exponent determine the transition point and critical exponents numerically for an infinite-order transition as well as a standard second-order transition. We confirm the validity of our scaling hypothesis through Monte Carlo simulations for bond percolations in some network models: the decorated (2,2)-flower and the random attachment growing network, where an infinite-order transition occurs, and the configuration model, where a second-order transition occurs.