Issue |
EPL
Volume 118, Number 1, April 2017
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 19001 | |
Number of page(s) | 7 | |
Section | Geophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/118/19001 | |
Published online | 07 June 2017 |
de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology
1 Department of Physics, McGill University - 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2T8, Canada
2 Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - Rodovia José Aurélio Vilela, 11999, Cidade Universitária, CEP 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil
3 Instituto de Física Teórica, São Paulo State University - P.O. Box 70532-2, CEP 01156-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4 Escola de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - Campus Universitário, s/n, CEP 59072-970, Natal, Brazil
Received: 14 November 2016
Accepted: 17 May 2017
We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) for each case using dispersion relations derived from both theories. The EOS are inputted into the Friedmann equations of a homogeneous and isotropic space-time to determine the cosmic scale factor a(t). It is shown that the photon non-null mass does not significantly alter the result
valid for a massless photon gas; this is true either in de Broglie-Proca's case (where the photon mass m is extremely small) or in Bopp-Podolsky theory (for which m is extremely large).
PACS: 98.80.-k – Cosmology
© EPLA, 2017
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