Fermi polaron in dissipative bath with spin-orbit coupling

¹ Department of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications - Chongqing 400065, China
² Department of Physics, Renmin University of China - Beijing 100872, China
³ Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China - Beijing 100872, China

^(a) wzhangl@ruc.edu.cn (corresponding author)

Received: 11 December 2020
Accepted: 12 April 2021

Abstract

We study the polaron problem of an impurity immersed in a dissipative spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas via a non-self-consistent T-matrix method. We first propose an experimental scheme to realize a spin-orbit coupled Fermi bath with dissipation, and show that such a system can be described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that contains an imaginary spin-flip term and an imaginary constant shift term. We find that the non-Hermiticity will change the single-particle dispersion of the bath gas, and modify the properties of attractive and repulsive polarons such as energy, quasi-particle residue, effective mass, and decay rate. We also investigate the Thouless criteria corresponding to the instability of the polaron-molecule transition, which suggests a molecule state is more facilitated with stronger bath dissipation. Finally, we consider the case with finite impurity density and calculate the interaction between polarons. Our result extends the study of polaron physics to non-Hermitian systems and may be realized in future experiments.