Systematic analysis of the pp collisions at LHC energies with Tsallis function

¹ Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan - Mardan 23200, Pakistan
² School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002, China
³ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jazan University - 45142 Jazan, Saudi Arabia

^(a) E-mail: 20220073@huat.edu.cn
^(b) E-mail: ajaz@awkum.edu.pk (corresponding author)

Received: 8 August 2022
Accepted: 27 February 2023

Abstract

This work focuses on the study of identified (, , p, and ), strange hadrons (, Λ, ), recorded by CMS, and light nuclei and their anti-nuclei (d, , t, , ³He and ), recorded by ALICE, at , 2.76 TeV, 7 TeV and 13 TeV in pp collision at mid rapidities. The p_T distributions of these particles are analyzed using the Tsallis model, which fits the experimental data very well. Several important parameters for studying the characteristics of the medium produced during such collisions are extracted. The effective temperature (T) increases monotonically with increasing particle mass and also with increasing collision energy. The non-extensivity parameter (q) decreases with the mass of the particle. For heavier particles, greater T and smaller q mean that they decouple early from the system and attain equilibrium quickly compared to lighter ones. Furthermore, with an increase in collision energy, the multiplicity parameter N₀ increases.