How far can we stretch the timescale with RETIS?

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) - Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway

^(a) E-mail: titus.van.erp@ntnu.no (corresponding author)

Received: 20 April 2023
Accepted: 24 July 2023

Abstract

Molecular dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) have long coexisted as two main independent branches of molecular simulation. In the late eighties, however, algorithms based on the combination of both were created such as hybrid Monte Carlo which uses large MD steps as MC moves. An entirely different kind of combination emerged a decade later via the transition path sampling (TPS) method in which MD trajectories are not just part of the MC move, but also form the state space being sampled. Algorithms like replica exchange transition interface sampling (RETIS) exploit this idea to compute reaction rates via a series of TPS simulations. RETIS yields results identical to hypothetical long MD runs, but with exponentially reduced computation time. This perspective describes the RETIS method and discusses recent and future advancements that will enable the study of even longer molecular timescales with reasonable computational resources.