Quadripartite quantum steering generated by single-pass cascaded nonlinear processes

Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University - Hangzhou 310018, China

Received: 9 January 2024
Accepted: 21 February 2024

Abstract

Quantum steering has become an important resource for quantum information due to its unique asymmetry. In this paper, quadripartite quantum steering generated by single-pass nondegenerate optical parametric amplification cascaded with a sum-frequency process is investigated. Firstly, an idler beam is produced by a different-frequency process between pump and signal. Secondly, a sum-frequency beam is generated by a cascaded sum-frequency process between idler beam and pump in the same optical superlattice. Quadripartite quantum steering among pump, signal, idler and sum-frequency beams is demonstrated based on the criterion for multipartite quantum steering. The influences of nonlinear coupling coefficients κ, dimensionless propagation length ξ, and the initial values of pump and signal on the variation characteristic of the quadripartite steering are also investigated. The results indicate that slightly larger nonlinear coupling coefficients of cascaded nonlinear processes and weaker signals can achieve better quadripartite quantum steering. This simple quadripartite quantum steering preparation scheme does not require a resonant cavity and is easier to implement experimentally, with potential applications in quantum communication and computing.