Coulomb impurities in graphene driven by fast ions

¹ Chirchik State Pedagogical University - 104 Amur Temur Str., 111700 Chirchik, Uzbekistan
² Institut für Theoretische Physik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität - 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
³ Department of Physics, Urgench State University - Urgench 220100, Uzbekistan
⁴ Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Urgench Branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies - Urgench 220100, Uzbekistan
⁵ Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent - 17 Niyazov Str., 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
⁶ Center for Theoretical Physics, Khazar University - 41 Mehseti Street, Baku, AZ1096, Azerbaijan

Received: 5 October 2024
Accepted: 18 November 2024

Abstract

We provide a theoretical model for electronic transitions in a two-dimensional (2D) artificial atom in a graphene monolayer. The artificial atom is due to the presence of a charged adatom (Coulomb impurity) in the layer and interacts with a fast ultrarelativistic ion moving parallel to the layer. We compute the probability and cross-sections for the corresponding electronic transitions by means of an exact solution of the time-dependent 2D Dirac equation describing the interaction of the planar atom with the electromagnetic field of the ultrarelativistic projectile.