| Issue |
EPL
Volume 149, Number 5, March 2025
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 51001 | |
| Number of page(s) | 5 | |
| Section | Statistical physics and networks | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/adb6cf | |
| Published online | 07 March 2025 | |
Fluctuations of topological charges in two-dimensional classical Heisenberg model
1 Department of Physics & State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University - Shanghai 200433, China
2 Shanghai High School - Shanghai 200231, China
3 Wilczek Quantum Center, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies - Shanghai 201315, China
Received: 2 January 2025
Accepted: 17 February 2025
Binding and unbinding of vortices drives Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in two-dimensional XY model. Here we investigate whether similar mechanism works in two-dimensional Heisenberg model, by using the fluctuation of skyrmion number inside a loop to characterize the nature of binding vs. unbinding of defects. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the fluctuation is proportional to the perimeter of the loop at low temperatures while it is proportional to the area of the loop at high temperatures, implying binding of the defects at low temperatures and unbinding at high temperatures.
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