Reproducing EPR correlations without superluminal signalling: Backward conditional probabilities and Statistical Independence

University of Groningen, University College Groningen - Hoendiepskade 23/24, 9718BG Groningen, The Netherlands

Received: 18 February 2025
Accepted: 11 April 2025

Abstract

Bell's theorem states that no model that respects Local Causality and Statistical Independence can account for the correlations predicted by quantum mechanics via entangled states. This paper proposes a new approach, using backward-in-time conditional probabilities, which relaxes conventional assumptions of temporal ordering while preserving Statistical Independence as a “fine -tunning” condition. It is shown how such models can account for EPR/Bell correlations and, analogously, the GHZ predictions while nevertheless forbidding superluminal signalling.