Adiabatic passage in three levels closed-loop systems with chirped lasers pulses

¹ Laboratoire d'Optique, Laser et Applications, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku - B. P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
² Laboratory of Condensed Matter-Electronics and Signal Processing, Department of Physics, University of Dschang P.O Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
³ Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Technology, University of Buea P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon

Received: 27 July 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025

Abstract

This study demonstrates complete adiabatic population transfer in a closed three-level atomic system using chirped laser pulses. By satisfying the three-photon resonance condition, we effectively mitigate the first-order Doppler effect. Under the assumption of weak coupling between the stable levels, we show that relative phase fluctuations of the lasers exert a negligible influence on the population dynamics during the transfer process. A comprehensive analysis of the system parameters is conducted to determine the optimal conditions for achieving 100% population transfer while minimizing the excited state population