Validity of KNO scaling of charged particles in UrQMD-simulated pp collisions at TeV

Swarnapratim Bhattacharyya

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/ae59ae

Issue		EPL Volume 154, Number 3, May 2026


Article Number		34001
Number of page(s)		6
Section		Nuclear and plasma physics, particles and fields
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ae59ae
Published online		28 April 2026

EPL, 154 (2026) 34001

Validity of KNO scaling of charged particles in UrQMD-simulated pp collisions at $Mathematical equation: $\sqrt {s}=2.76\,\text {-}13$$ TeV

Swarnapratim Bhattacharyya (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. )

Department of Physics, New Alipore College - L Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, India

Received: 18 November 2025
Accepted: 31 March 2026

Abstract

This paper investigates the validity of KNO scaling in UrQMD-simulated proton-proton (pp) collisions at $Mathematical equation: $\sqrt {s}=2.76\, \textrm {TeV}$$ , 7 TeV and 13 TeV. The analysed data points are found to lie approximately on the universal curve $Mathematical equation: $\psi (z)=Az{\textrm {exp}}(-Bz)$$ with $Mathematical equation: $A = 4.61\,\pm0.12$$ and $Mathematical equation: $B = 2.19\,\pm0.07$$ . The obtained simulation results have been compared with the experimental measurements reported by the ALICE and the CMS Collaborations, demonstrating good consistency and providing an insight into the energy dependence of particle production in high-energy pp collisions.

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