Observation of scalar longitudinal electrodynamic waves

¹ ETHZ, Institute of Astronomy - Scheuchzerstrasse 7, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
² Weiherdammstrasse 24, D-78176 Blumberg, Germany

Received: 18 February 2002
Accepted: 14 May 2002

Abstract

Theoretically scalar potential Φ waves with a longitudinal electric field in the direction of propagation must exist. A centrally fed ball antenna, 6 diameter, producing a pulsating 433.59 spherical source charge, generated such a wave, that was detected by an identical ball antenna. The longitudinality of was demonstrated by intervening a cubic array of 9 half-wavelength wires, that absorbed the wave when the wires were parallel (but not when perpendicular) to the direction of propagation. The signal from the ball antenna source, placed 4.0 above ground and receiver 4.4 above ground, was measured as a function of distance, yielding satisfactory agreement with theory, including 2 expected interference minima produced by an image source induced in the Earth. Only waves can yield such an interference and can be reflected from the Earth's surface and vary as the inverse square of distance.