The carbon-based structures synthesized through nuclear reactions in helium at 1.1 kbar pressure under irradiation with braking γ-rays of 10 MeV threshold energy

¹ Joint Institute for Nuclear Research - 141980 Dubna, Russia
² National Centre for Nuclear Research - 05-400 Otwock, Poland

^(a) didyk@jinr.ru
^(b) roland.wisniewski@gmail.com

Received: 21 August 2014
Accepted: 5 January 2015

Abstract

A helium high-pressure chamber (HeHPC), made from beryllium bronze, filled with gaseous helium at an initial pressure of about 1.1 kbar was irradiated by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV threshold energy during $1.0\times10^{5}\ \text{s}$ at an electron beam current $22\text{--}24\ \mu \text{A}$ . Before opening of the chamber, the residual pressure inside was equal to 430 bar. Synthesized foils of black colour and other multiple objects were found inside the HeHPC at the inner surfaces of the reaction chamber made of high-purity copper, at the entrance window for γ-rays of beryllium bronze, and at the copper collector of nuclear and chemical reaction products. The element analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microprobe roentgen analysis (MPRA) allowed us to establish that the foils were predominantly made of carbon and smaller quantities of other elements from carbon to iron. The developed approach agrees well with a series of studies carried out by the authors where dense hydrogen and deuterium gases are acted on by γ-rays in the presence or absence of metals in the reaction chamber.